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					</table>Low-emissions hydrogen production grew by 10% in 2023 and is on track to reach one million tons (MT) by the end of 2025, according to the International Energy Agency’s (<a href="https://www.iea.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IEA</a>) Global Hydrogen Review 2025.
Currently, low-emissions hydrogen accounts for less than 1% of global production.
High costs, uncertain demand, regulatory uncertainty, and slow infrastructure development hindered the uptake of low-emissions hydrogen in 2024.
Despite a recent wave of project delays and cancellations, several positive trends indicate that the industry is maturing. Since 2020, over 200 low-emissions hydrogen projects have reached final investment decisions (FIDs), a major leap from just a handful of pilot projects a few years ago.
Technological innovation across the hydrogen value chain is accelerating, with a record number of advancements achieved in the past year.
While short-term challenges persist, the long-term outlook shows the sector gaining traction and building a stronger foundation for scalable deployment in the years ahead.
<div id="attachment_85963" style="width: 913px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-85963" class="wp-image-85963 size-full" src="https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen1.png" alt="Global Low-Emissions Hydrogen Production to Reach One Million Ton by 2025" width="903" height="316" srcset="https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen1.png 903w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen1-300x105.png 300w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen1-768x269.png 768w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen1-650x227.png 650w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen1-624x218.png 624w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen1-600x210.png 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 903px) 100vw, 903px" />Global Low-Emissions Hydrogen Production to Reach One Million Ton by 2025</div>
Potential production fell for projects using electrolysis and fossil fuels with carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS), though electrolysis projects accounted for more than 80% of the total decline.
Electrolysis-derived hydrogen surged by 60% year-over-year in 2024 to reach more than 100 KT. However, electrolysis represents only around one-sixth of total low-emissions hydrogen production methods.
Capital spending on low-emissions hydrogen projects reached $4.3 billion in 2024, an 80% increase from 2023. In 2024, global capital investment in low-emissions hydrogen was nearly evenly divided between electrolysis and CCUS-based production. However, in 2025, electrolysis is projected to account for about 80% of total spending while contributing only 56% of hydrogen output from projects under construction, reflecting its higher capital intensity compared with CCUS technologies.
Regional growth
Europe remains the largest hub for low-emissions hydrogen projects, accounting for nearly 25% of global announced production by 2030, despite a 20% year-on-year decline driven by slow market uptake and project cancellations tied to weak business cases.
North America and Latin America account for about 20% and 15% of the global pipeline, respectively. Both regions saw project reductions, around 10% in North America (mainly the U.S., amid policy uncertainty surrounding the Inflation Reduction Act) and 15% in Latin America, driven by cancellations in Chile. However, Brazil bucked the trend with a 60% surge in capacity, supported by its new hydrogen hubs program.
Meanwhile, China’s announced hydrogen capacity rose by 30%, fueled entirely by new electrolyzer projects.
Cost Gap
The decline in natural gas prices and the increase in electrolyzer costs have widened the cost gap with fossil-based hydrogen, necessitating support programs. However, the gap is expected to narrow by 2030.
Renewable hydrogen in China could become cost-competitive by the end of the decade, due to low technology and capital costs. In Europe, high CO₂ prices and strong renewable energy potential are expected to narrow the gap, especially as natural gas prices remain elevated.
However, in regions with lower gas prices, such as the U.S. and the Middle East, the gap will remain wider, making CCUS-based hydrogen more viable in the near term.
Electrolyzers
China has emerged as the global leader in electrolyzer deployment and manufacturing, accounting for 65% of installed and FID-approved capacity and nearly 60% of global manufacturing capacity. China’s 20 GW annual manufacturing capacity far exceeds current global demand (around 2 GW in 2024), suggesting potential industry consolidation ahead. Meanwhile, manufacturers outside China face declining revenues, rising losses, and in some cases bankruptcies or acquisitions, reflecting mounting financial strain.
Chinese electrolyzers are much cheaper to produce and install domestically ($600/kW-$1,200/kW) than those made elsewhere ($2,000/kW-$2,600/kW). Yet, when factoring in engineering, procurement, construction, transport, and tariffs, the cost advantage narrows for projects outside China, with installed costs rising to $1,500/kW-$2,400/kW.
The total installed electrolyzer capacity reached almost 2 GW at the end of 2024. Alkaline remains the leading technology, accounting for 60% of additions and global installed capacity.
<div id="attachment_85964" style="width: 913px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-85964" class="wp-image-85964 size-full" src="https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen2.png" alt="Global Low-Emissions Hydrogen Production to Reach One Million Ton by 2025" width="903" height="571" srcset="https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen2.png 903w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen2-300x190.png 300w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen2-768x486.png 768w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen2-650x411.png 650w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen2-624x395.png 624w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen2-600x379.png 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 903px) 100vw, 903px" />Global Low-Emissions Hydrogen Production to Reach One Million Ton by 2025</div>
Slowing Offtake
While global hydrogen offtake agreements slowed down in 2024, tenders for low-emission hydrogen yielded mixed results. Tenders in the steel sector in Europe were delayed or put on hold, while tenders for refining and fertilizer led to final investment decisions for production plants in Europe and India.
<div id="attachment_85965" style="width: 627px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-85965" class="wp-image-85965 size-full" src="https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen3.png" alt="Global Low-Emissions Hydrogen Production to Reach One Million Ton by 2025" width="617" height="367" srcset="https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen3.png 617w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen3-300x178.png 300w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen3-600x357.png 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 617px) 100vw, 617px" />Global Low-Emissions Hydrogen Production to Reach One Million Ton by 2025</div>
Currently, agreements for the offtake of low-emission hydrogen are less than 2 MTPA, around 5% of global production.
Southeast Asia is driving low-emission hydrogen production to reach 480 KTPA by 2030. However, only 6% of announced production has reached a final investment decision, and 60% remains at very early stages of development.
Outlook 2030
The report noted that for the first time, projected low-emissions hydrogen production by 2030 declined, falling to 37 million tons per annum (MTPA) from 49 MTPA estimated a year earlier.
If all projects for low-emission hydrogen production in Africa, Latin America, and Southeast Asia are realized, it could exceed 9 MTPA by 2030.
<div id="attachment_85967" style="width: 622px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-85967" class="wp-image-85967 size-full" src="https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen4.png" alt="Global Low-Emissions Hydrogen Production to Reach One Million Ton by 2025" width="612" height="338" srcset="https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen4.png 612w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen4-300x166.png 300w, https://mercomindia.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/greenhydrogen4-600x331.png 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px" />Global Low-Emissions Hydrogen Production to Reach One Million Ton by 2025</div>
More than 0.5 MT of low-emissions hydrogen is expected to be produced and used in refineries by 2030.
Operational low-emissions hydrogen projects and those with FIDs are expected to reach 4.2 MTPA by 2030, a fivefold increase from 2024 levels. While still below initial government and industry ambitions, this would raise the share of low-emissions hydrogen from under 1% today to about 4% by 2030, mirroring the rapid early growth seen in technologies like solar PV.
A new assessment also indicates that an additional 6 MT of projects could become operational by 2030 if strong policy support and demand-creation measures are implemented.
By 2030, hydrogen produced via electrolysis using low-emissions electricity is expected to be almost 10 times larger than in 2024, but it will still account for only 15% of all low-emissions hydrogen use.
By 2030, over 95% of planned low-emissions hydrogen production in industry is expected to be located in North America (50%), China (25%), the European Union (15%), the Middle East (6%), and India (4%).
Nearly 45% of the low-emissions hydrogen from announced production projects is intended for export, exceeding 16 MTPA by 2030 if all such projects materialize.
Recommendations
To accelerate low-emission hydrogen production, the report recommends providing financial support to shovel-ready projects.
To scale low-emissions hydrogen, demand creation must accelerate through targeted regulations and support programs in key sectors. Swift policy implementation can drive offtake and attract investment in supply.
Collaboration between governments and industry can further establish lead markets for sustainable products, encourage early adoption, and strengthen the hydrogen economy.
The capacity of the clean hydrogen market is expected to <a href="https://mercomindia.com/clean-hydrogen-market-expand-600mt-2050" target="_blank" rel="noopener">expand</a> to 170 MT by 2030 and reach 600 MT by 2050, according to Deloitte’s 2023 Global Green Hydrogen Outlook.

Global Low-Emissions Hydrogen Production to Reach One Million Ton by 2025

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					</table><a href="https://www.mercomindia.com/germany-solar-q1-2024" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Germany installed 3.7 GW of solar power capacity in the first quarter (Q1) of 2024, a 19% year-over-year (YoY) growth from 3.2 GW.</a> The data was published in a recent report by the German Federal Network Agency Bundesnetzagentur. The installations for January were 1.47 GW, February (1.14 GW), and March (1.1 GW). Germany targets to install 215 GW of solar capacity by 2030, with 22 GW of capacity additions every year. To reach the 215 GW target, the monthly installation needs to be 1,587 MW, as noted by Bundesnetzagentur at the end of Q1 2024.
<a href="https://www.mercomindia.com/jinkosolar-q1-profit-drops" target="_blank" rel="noopener">China-headquartered solar cell and module manufacturer JinkoSolar saw a 44% decline in its first-quarter profit</a> as decreasing module prices hurt the company’s margins. Adjusted net income, excluding certain non-cash expenses, fell from RMB 836.4 million ($115.8 million) last year to RMB 470.3 million ($65.1 million) in 2024. The company’s gross margin fell to 11.9% in Q1 from 17.3% in the same period last year.
<a href="https://www.mercomindia.com/vietnam-boviet-solar-north-carolina" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Vietnam-based solar company Boviet Solar said it will invest $249 million for its first solar cell and module production facility in North America at Greenville</a>, North Carolina. The manufacturing complex will be built in two phases. Phase one will utilize an existing building to produce solar modules, while phase two involves constructing a 500,000 to 600,000-square-foot factory to manufacture photovoltaic cells. At full capacity, the site is expected to manufacture 2 GW of solar panels and 2 GW of PV cells annually.
<a href="https://www.mercomindia.com/germany-258-mw-rooftop-solar" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Germany’s Federal Network Agency (Bundesnetzagentur) has invited bids for 258 MW of rooftop solar photovoltaic systems</a> as part of the country’s goal to procure 900 MW of new solar capacity through three rounds in 2024 under the Renewable Energy Act (EEG 2023). Germany expects to tender 1,100 MW annually from 2025-2029. Last year, 650 MW was procured through tenders.
<a href="https://www.mercomindia.com/energy-storage-must-expand-six-fold-enable-renewables" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Energy storage infrastructure needs to expand by at least six times the current capacity if the world wants to triple renewables capacity by 2030</a> while maintaining electricity security, a new report from the International Energy Agency (IEA) said, adding that falling costs of batteries have accelerated energy storage deployment globally. The IEA’s first comprehensive analysis of the battery ecosystem found that deployment of batteries soared in 2023, especially in the power sector, where capacity more than doubled. Most of this growth came from utility-scale systems, while behind-the-meter battery storage accounted for 35% of annual growth in 2023.

Daily News Wrap-Up: Germany Adds 3.7 GW Solar Capacity in Q1 2024

A new joint study published by the European Patent Office (<a href="https://www.epo.org/news-events/news/2021/20210427.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">EPO</a>) and the International Energy Agency (<a href="https://www.iea.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IEA</a>) has highlighted the need to accelerate innovation in clean energy technologies to meet climate goals.
According to the study, the number of patents for inventions related to low-carbon energy technologies worldwide grew by an average rate of 3.3% per year between 2017 and 2019. This progress is only a quarter of the average annual growth rate recorded a decade ago (+12.5% for 2000-13).
According to the report, further innovation, accompanied by concerted policy action, in a wide range of low-carbon energy technologies — from energy production to transmission, storage, and end-use applications — is required to fast-track the availability and diversity of technologies and to bring down costs.
The study finds that patents related to energy supply technologies, including renewables, has been falling since 2012. It reflects the recent market maturity of a cohort of these technologies — including solar PV — which have not yet been followed by a new wave of improvements to other renewables, such as biofuels or ocean energy. In 2019, energy supply technologies accounted for only 17% of all low-carbon inventions globally.
The report, &#8216;Patents and the energy transition: global trends in clean energy technology innovation&#8217;, finds that except for a slump between 2014 and 2016, the number of global patents in low-carbon energy technologies has been rising over the past two decades. This contrasts with a decline in patenting in fossil fuels since 2015.
The report noted that some of the energy supply technologies are already in use on an industrial scale, while others are still at a nascent stage of development or deployment. According to the IEA, current climate targets can only be achieved by a major acceleration in clean energy innovation, as many of the technologies required in the coming decades to bring down CO2 emissions are only at the prototype or demonstration phase today.
<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-26096" src="https://mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO1.jpg" alt="Global Growth of IPPs" width="2024" height="1309" srcset="https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO1.jpg 2024w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO1-300x194.jpg 300w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO1-2000x1293.jpg 2000w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO1-768x497.jpg 768w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO1-1536x993.jpg 1536w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO1-650x420.jpg 650w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO1-624x404.jpg 624w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO1-600x388.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 2024px) 100vw, 2024px" />
&#8220;The energy transition needed to mitigate climate change presents a challenge of enormous scale and complexity,&#8221; said EPO President António Campinos. &#8220;This report is a clear call for action to step up research and innovation into new low-carbon energy technologies and improve existing ones,&#8221; he added.
&#8220;Around half the emissions reductions to get to net-zero by 2050 may need to come from technologies that are not yet on the market,&#8221; said IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol, adding, &#8220;This calls for massive leaps in innovation, but up until now, information on the progress being made has been limited.&#8221;
The report presents the major trends in low-carbon energy innovation between 2000 and 2019 measured in terms of international patent families. As patent applications are filed many months or even years before products appear on the market, they are often seen as an early indicator of future technology trends, the study said.
The report also finds that enabling technologies (batteries, hydrogen, smart grids, carbon capture) have experienced the strongest growth since 2017 overall. Their share increased from 27% of all low-carbon energy international patent filings (IPF) in 2000 to 34% in 2019.
A key driver of innovation in the past decade has been the surge in technologies related to electric vehicles, spurred to a considerable extent by advances in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The <a href="https://mercomindia.com/large-consumer-electronics-players/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">study</a> had shed light on how Asian consumer electronics players and carmakers are driving research and development in the battery and energy storage arena.
Looking at the key regional innovation trends, the study finds that since 2000, European companies and research institutes have led in patenting low-carbon energy inventions, with 28% (12% for Germany alone) of all international patent families in these technologies in the past decade (2010-19), followed by Japanese (25%), US (20%), South Korean (10%) and Chinese (8%) applicants.
<img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-26098" src="https://mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO2.jpg" alt="Countries of Origin for International Patent" width="2024" height="759" srcset="https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO2.jpg 2024w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO2-300x113.jpg 300w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO2-2000x750.jpg 2000w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO2-768x288.jpg 768w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO2-1536x576.jpg 1536w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO2-650x244.jpg 650w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO2-624x234.jpg 624w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/EPO2-600x225.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 2024px) 100vw, 2024px" />In October last year, India’s Council of Scientific and Industrial Research had <a href="https://mercomindia.com/tata-steel-collaborate-csir/">joined hands</a> with Tata Steel to work toward carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) to combat climate change and global warming. The move was aimed at cutting down on carbon emissions and expediting the transition toward a decarbonized economy.
The Department of Science and Technology had also <a href="https://mercomindia.com/government-invites-proposal-research-storage/">invited</a> proposals from Indian researchers in the area of carbon capture, utilization, and storage under the Accelerating CCUS Technologies (ACT) program in collaboration with other ACT member-countries.

Clean Energy Innovations Slowed Between 2017-19

The total number of people accessing solar power has increased drastically with a better market penetration of solar off-grid products, according to the latest Global Off-grid Solar Market Report. The report was published by Global Off-grid Lighting Association (<a href="https://www.gogla.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GOGLA</a>) for the second half of 2018.
The report also mentions that the Government of India (<a href="https://www.india.gov.in/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GoI</a>) has officially realized its goal of 100% household electrification through grid extension under the <a href="https://saubhagya.gov.in/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SAUBHAGYA</a> program. This has had a major influence on the off-grid solar market, both domestically and globally. However, due to new import laws, India was also facing uncertainty and declining sales in the off-grid market during the same period.
According to the International Energy Agency (<a href="https://www.iea.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">IEA</a>), the number of people globally with little or no access to energy stands at around 1 billion. The 2018 Off-Grid Solar Market Trends report reveals that solar lighting devices have penetrated around 17% to 20% of the market. This indicates a large potential for growth in the distributed solar sector.
According to the GOGLA report, global sales of 3.9 million off-grid solar lighting products in the second half of 2018 has been recorded. Out of these, 2.95 million were cash products with a value of $99.4 million. Pay as you go (PAYGO) based products had a smaller share (950,000 units accounting for 24% of the global total) with a value of $164.78 million. There has been significant growth in solar lanterns, multi-lighting systems, and solar home systems (SHS) sold globally. India’s market share is 25% in solar lanterns and multi-light systems and 29% in solar home systems. These are numbers of distributed solar lighting products calculated against the whole market.
Nearly 1.18 million units of off-grid solar products were sold in the Indian market during the second half of 2018. This was an 11% decline from sales figures for the first half reported at 1.33 million units. This period saw a 6% decline in sales as compared to the same period in 2017, during which 1.25 million units were sold overall.
<a href="https://mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Volume-of-Off-Grid-Solar-Products-Sold-in-India.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-13978" src="https://mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Volume-of-Off-Grid-Solar-Products-Sold-in-India.png" alt="Volume of Off-Grid Solar Products Sold in India" width="483" height="292" srcset="https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Volume-of-Off-Grid-Solar-Products-Sold-in-India.png 483w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Volume-of-Off-Grid-Solar-Products-Sold-in-India-300x181.png 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 483px) 100vw, 483px" /></a>
India emerged as the largest cash market for off-grid solar products, with 1.2 million units sold with a value of $58 million. Kenya’s cash market has seen marked growth compared to the previous period with 450,000 units.
<a href="https://mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Gogla-chart_2.png"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-13975" src="https://mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Gogla-chart_2.png" alt="Top 10 Country Markets by Volume Off-Grid Solar Products Sold - Cash" width="632" height="365" srcset="https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Gogla-chart_2.png 632w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Gogla-chart_2-300x173.png 300w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Gogla-chart_2-624x360.png 624w, https://cms.mercomindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Gogla-chart_2-600x347.png 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px" /></a>
According <a href="https://mercomindia.com/india-top-sells-1-3-million-off-grid-solar-h1-2018/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">to the GOGLA</a> report for H1 2018, India was the world’s largest cash market for distributed solar products during the first half of 2018 too, with 1.3 million products sold during that period.
Moreover, in an earlier report, <a href="https://mercomindia.com/india-pvt-market-distributed-solar-2023/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GOGLA also highlighted</a> that the Indian private player-driven market for solar lanterns and solar home systems is expected to reach ₹26,178 million (~$327 million) by 2023. As mentioned in the report, India accounted for over 30 percent of the global volume and revenue share of the distributed standalone solar products sector in the first half of 2018.
Recently, the MNRE <a href="https://mercomindia.com/old-off-grid-solar-projects-may-grid-connected/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">decided</a> that off-grid solar power projects which were installed earlier for which reliable grid supply is now available with the net-metering provision can be connected to the grid as it will lead to optimal utilization of assets. However, the MNRE notification clarified that the conversion of such projects is subject to applicable regulatory provisions; with the cost of such conversions to be borne by the concerned state government or beneficiary departments.

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